The Shatzkin Files


Lots going on; no single topic today


I find myself with a lot of pages open on my web browser. Even before Amazon’s announcement yesterday about ebooks passing hardcovers in sales this past quarter, there has been a lot going on.

There had been some suggestions, which I never bought into, that ebook sales were slowing in 2009. (Is this a meme that started with somebody anti-Agency? More on that later…) I look at the IDPF chart as it stands today and it is headlined 2010 Sales  ”OFF THE CHART” vs. Previous Quarters and that’s how it looks to me. A major publisher told me yesterday that AAP figures suggest ebook sales are up 210% this year and that house’s numbers are up 225%, so they feel they’re rising with the tide. That’s about what PW said the AAP said with the additional information that hardcover sales were up and paperback sales, trade and mass market, were down.

In fact, Amazon, in the face of the apparently-stiff competition from the Nook and the iPad, says Kindle book sales have tripled in the first half of the year!

Nonetheless, Madeline McIntosh at Random House doesn’t see ebooks causing problems for paperback sales. She’s quoted in the Wall Street Journal saying, “Our conclusion is that there’s no data to prove any connection—good or bad—between growth in e-books and the growth or decline, in trade paperback sales. … If anything, we may be seeing a positive effect in which the steady pace of e-book sales helps to keep a book in front-of-mind for a growing number of consumers after hardcover momentum slows.”

Kat Meyer, blogging for O’Reilly, got an indie ebookseller to talk on the record about the difficulties they’re having with the transition to Agency. This would seem to undercut the idea (which I agree with) that Agency is good for smaller sellers, because the little guys will get squashed in a price war with big guys. A seminal figure in the online book retailing world who has worked with smaller stores on these challenges for years told me in a phone conversation this week that he completely agrees with me. But the problems Kat lays out for the smaller guys during the transition are real. Let’s hope we don’t lose too many of them while this all gets figured out.

Meanwhile, Knopf made some news with the announcement that they are converting more of their backlist to ebooks. We were wondering what titles they could have missed so far. Random House has never been a laggard at ebook conversion and we’re scratching our heads wondering about a conversion initiative that would be imprint-specific. But this shows that the ebook sales records being broken are occurring without the gun being fully loaded; they’re still making ebullets out of old books.

Joe Wikert wrote a blog about the emerging ebook landscape in which he imagines that the various indies selling Google Editions will, all together, constitute a big Amazon. I don’t think so. I don’t think Google can save indies with what they’re doing. But it is good that they’re trying.

Joe also thinks that Amazon will abandon the Kindle device in favor of the Kindle as a platform. I don’t agree with that either. The device is reportedly still selling like hotcakes with sales rising quickly since a recent price cut, even while the Nook has established itself and iPad has been “competing.” I think there’s room for tablet computers and ereaders, which might be a minority position at the moment. (Being in the minority is perfectly comfortable for me.)

You know we’re all about vertical here at The Shatzkin Files. It looks like some authors from big houses are taking this vertical thing into their own hands. A bunch of gardening authors have created their own garden experts speakers bureau.  It won’t surprise anybody if I predict that this effort will be more successful than the “horizontal” speakers bureaus launched by some of the major houses over the past few years. I checked with the folks at Cool Springs Press, the gardening publisher I featured here a couple of weeks ago, and, of course, they’re involved.

I had written a blogpost recently saying that I thought ebook selling nodes would explode and be all over the web. It looks like Oprah is fueling that idea in a way that I hadn’t entertained: with an app. Why not? Who has a better brand than Oprah for “curation”? Maybe Barnes & Noble. But maybe not.

It also seems that self-publishing is growing in ubiquity and respectability. PW announced the plans of an author who told his agent not to bother selling his rights. If this isn’t the major trade houses’ worse nightmare, it should be! Joe Konrath, who may go down in history as the trailblazer who proved that some authors, at least, can make money without publishers, is reporting his rising Amazon revenues on books the New York houses have turned down, and they’re eye-catching.

And the last thing I note in this pot-pourri is the news from Farrar Straus & Giroux that they’re launching an online literary magazine. On the one hand, this is the kind of niche marketing we’ve been advocating that larger houses pursue. On the other hand, the story suggests this is all about promoting FS&G books, not about building a community of like-minded readers, few of whom would know or care which publisher put out the last book they liked.

  Back to blog

  • http://gravitationalpull.net/wp/ ampressman

    It's certainly getting harder for those of us like myself in the agency-pricing skeptics camp to maintain that the price hikes reduced demand for e-books. Clearly, the entry of millions of new customers has vastly overwhelmed the impact of the price hikes. But I also misunderstood where publishers were planning to bring down the hammer hardest.

    It's not so much hardcover best-sellers, which have been “devalued” by huge discounts at Costco and WalMart for years without much complaining. Some best-sellers are still priced at $9.99 and others at $12.99, which isn't turning out to be a significant deterrent with 3 million new iPad buyers entering the market. And the message from Amazon yesterday was that the e-book hardcover market is charging ahead faster than anyone predicted.

    The place where it has turned out agency pricing is most harmful to consumers, and I suspect dampening e-book sales, is with trade and back catalog paperbacks. I am often shocked to find ebooks available in paper for $7 or $8 being agency ebook priced at $12 or more.Chip Kidd's 2002 novel Cheese Monkeys got some online attention recently but it's $17 in the Kindle store. Ouch. And Amazon's press release was silent on paperback vs. ebook sales.

  • http://idealog.com/blog Mike Shatzkin

    Conversations I've had make it pretty clear that publishers are really still
    feeling their way about pricing. And because they have no infrastructure in
    place to manage that (yet), a lot of it is being done by “machine” (with no
    algorithms) rather than by human intercession. I suspect that some of the
    peculiar pricing decisions you see were caused by automation unchecked by
    human consideration. One CEO told me that specifically earlier this week;
    they found a case where their system was spitting out “POD pricing” for some
    of their ebooks. Those things get corrected but, like the problems some of
    the smaller accounts are having getting set up for agency, it takes some
    time.

    Mike

  • http://gravitationalpull.net/wp/ ampressman

    Very interesting. Wonder what Apple will say in tonight's analyst call about iBooks…

  • ecolibris

    Mike,

    1. As David Rothman mentioned earlier on TeleRead it's the Kindle's sales growth rate that was tripled and not the sales (http://www.teleread.com/2010/07/20/amazon-needs…).

    2. I was curious about your forecast on the NYT article today that “within a decade, fewer than 25 percent of all books sold will be print versions”, especially following the conversation you mentioned at the ballpark, where the plateau point below which the print book erosion won’t go was discussed. You mentioned there couple of figures (50% and 30%), and I was wondering if you would be willing to share the assumptions behind this forecast.

    Raz

  • Ty111

    Maybe Knopf will do the Rabbit books!

  • http://idealog.com/blog Mike Shatzkin

    Yup, they got me along with a lot of other people with the tripling thing.
    But, still, Kindle device sales keep growing and I have gotten some private
    reports telling me that unit sales keep rising with Kindle despite the
    competition.

    The ballpark conversation was purely speculative. We're all looking at about
    the same current sales levels of ebooks (in low double-digits across all new
    narrative titles) and the same growth rates (more than doubling annually and
    accelerating) and coming to our own conclusions. Several major executives
    (Carolyn Reidy and Brian Murray among them) have signed on to 40-to-50
    percent ebooks in five years. I think 50% will be reached faster than that.
    The executive I referred to in the ballpark piece was speculating about a
    leveling off. When I thought about leveling off, I figured “5%.”

    The empirical data is more helpful in the short run than in the long run.
    The current growth rates (up 210% this year!) would take us past 20% if it
    is sustained through year-end. More new devices are coming out (despite the
    ones already cancelled); other platforms are opening (I expect to see
    Google, Blio, and Copia launch in 2010). So I don't see growth slowing down
    soon. But it obviously can't grow at 2x to 4x annually for terribly much
    longer without going past 100%! So we're all being asked to figure out when
    it will slow down and by how much. Pretty tough question without a reliable
    empirical framework to answer it. But the more I think about it, the harder
    it is for me to see how print could be more than 25% in ten years unless
    something incredibly disruptive happens, like finding that reading on a
    screen causes eyeball cancer.

    Mike

  • http://idealog.com/blog Mike Shatzkin

    You're right! When we were looking for those and not finding ebooks for
    them, I didn't stop to think they were Knopf. But I believe they are!

    Mike

  • Andy Laties

    I'm beginning to grok your idea of eBook nodes appearing all over the web. I certainly can enact that with my own store's website, which is now accounting for 30% of my Eric Carle Museum store's gross sales — a seven-fold increase since four years ago. I think I will be able to use the Google Editions system via ABA — am awaiting this eagerly. What puzzles me is the B&N posture, expecting to be dominant. I think they plan to play the game of manipulating the playing field, they way they did in storefronts. I wrote a post about this (warning: acerbic)
    http://rebelbookseller.livejournal.com/30370.html

  • http://idealog.com/blog Mike Shatzkin

    Andy, I see a remarkable similarity between your expectations for the future
    and your own personal interest.

    Bertrand Russell was reputed to have said that when your opinions align with
    your self-interest, it is time to check your opinions. He was a very wise
    man.

    Mike

  • Andy Laties

    Thanks for your lovely response, which however perplexes me. I'm perfectly positioned as a vertical player, according to your definition, so, by your analysis, shouldn't I be able to successfully sell eBooks off of my website? I market directly to a highly defined niche, out of a tightly segmented retail inventory, controlling my own product line (in some cases I have product exclusivity on highly desirable product). I produce new items regularly that appeal to this same market segment. I'm quite vertical!

    The gist of the blogpost is that I am concerned that Barnes & Noble, that horizontal player, will manipulate the major publishers, those other horizontal players, in the same way with eBooks that was done with print books — to my personal detriment. I would like the horizontal general publishers to NOTICE that I am vertical and can much more successfully aid them in placing appropriate product of theirs into the market, so, they should not respond to B&N's typical ploys, and should instead respond to MY ploys!

    Bertrand Russell was a social activist who for most of his life defied convention. He was banned from lecturing at City College because of his aggressive anti-Christian beliefs. He founded alternative educational institutions. He was an early nuclear-disarmament proponent. He was the LAST person to simply allow the future to “unfold naturally” — he was a fighter for justice and worked to make the world turn out the way he felt was the right way for it to turn out. I absolutely admire Russell.

    Here's a link to a photo of Russell, taken three days before I was born. Photo caption: “Bertrand Russell addressing a rally organized by the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament in Trafalgar Square on September 20, 1959. Russell had played a leading role in the establishment of this anti-nuclear pressure group early the previous year and remained its President until resigning in October 1960 over disagreements about tactics with others in the organization's leadership. http://www.humanities.mcmaster.ca/~bertrand/cnd…

  • http://idealog.com/blog Mike Shatzkin

    The horizontal general publishers are hardly the first place to look for
    people to “notice” you are vertical.

    And it isn't about what they can do for you. If you have a big online
    community, you've got leverage. If you don't, they can't create it for you.
    They don't matter. Other vertical players do.

    Bertrand Russell lived a long life and delivered many messages, some of
    which I agree with more than others. I delivered you the one I think most
    aptly applies to these conversations.

    Mike

  • Andy Laties

    Here's a page showing 25 books published by my museum. Each features the work of a popular and prominent children's book illustrator. None are currently available as eBooks. We will continue to publish one or more exhibition catalogs each year. If I am not mistaken, you advise that we produce and sell these as eBooks off of our own website. If I were to hire you as a consultant — this is what you'd say to me. Yes?
    http://www.carlemuseum.org/Shop/Books/Exhibitio…

    I was told a few years ago by the Publisher at Penguin Children's Books that my store is the number one indie account for Penguin Children books nationwide. He said this with some enthusiasm. That is: as a highly vertical specialty store, I know how to benefit the interests of my horizontal vendor partners, even though I am only a one-store operator. I can teach other indie booksellers my skills — I've been doing this my whole life. As to self-interest: I do not own my store, it is owned by a non-profit. I draw a salary that is not tied mechanically to the performance of the store. So, unlike during the 17 years when I owned my own indie stores, currently my financial self-interest is not in the indie vs. everyone game. It's my personal beliefs that are in play. I am opposed to monopolization of information and I believe a large array of local bookstores, independently owned and operated, is a critical component of a working democracy. An independent bookstore is like a non-profit school, or a library, or a museum, but it isn't itself a non-profit, it stands on its own two feet (or in my current case is actually spins off money to subsidize an actual non-profit allied to it symbiotically). So — I act energetically as an advocate of indie bookselling not out of self-interest but out of conviction and a wish to deploy my life to ends that serve others.

  • http://idealog.com/blog Mike Shatzkin

    Self-interest isn't just about money. It's about where your heart and soul
    are too.

    “Kids” serves as a niche today, as do genres. It is too broad in the long
    run. That is: you need to be developing sub-niches.

    Of course you should engage in commerce off your own web site and selling
    your own products as ebooks should definitely be part of your mix. I doubt
    that it makes sense to restrict your sales — BN.com and Amazon.com will
    have lots of traffic that won't find you and they'll sell incremental copies
    of all of your product. I assume you sell your books through them now. You
    surely should.

    Whether you should convert the catalogs to ebooks depends on the pull from
    your market and the conversion costs. I would think the catalogs might also
    make sense as apps, which can be delivered in ways that don't require a
    iPhone or the App Store.

    “Perfectly positioned as a vertical player” means that people engage with
    your web community, that you have barriers to entry to others enticing your
    community (like practical user-generated content), and that you are a
    trusted source of information by that community about what they might buy.
    Your ability to sell online is pretty much proportional to your traffic;
    your traffic is pretty much proportional to the extent of *engagement* you
    offer people that come to your site.

    This response was written without following your links. My apologies. But it
    is Sunday and I'm working on another post.

    Mike

  • Andy Laties

    Gosh. Thanks for this highly detailed and extremely useful response! I agree that it was in Bertrand Russell's self-interest not to stand by while the world self-destructed in a nuclear war. I certainly will always attempt to cater to self-interests of that sort.

    I completely agree that sub-niche is the place to be. In fact, I'm in a sub-niche of Highest Quality Illustrated Children's Books, and in an additional sub-niche of “The Place on the Internet for All Things Eric Carle” including some exclusive items like signed and numbered Eric Carle lithographs and 60 designs of postcards only sold by my store. Exclusivity is very important to my online business.

    We do sell our catalogs on Amazon, and they sell well there. I don't have them posted on B&N. You recommend that I do so? Do they maintain a program like Amazon Advantage, warehousing third-party small-press product??

    We are trying to improve out engagement with our customers. It is time-consuming. I'm now allotting specific hours for staff to create a more interactive blog and eNewsletter.

    Traffic to our website is excellent. I cannot take credit for the success of the store and website. This obviously belongs to Eric Carle, who is an 81-year-old author willing to take major risks in order to advance objectives he believes in. This is a case of an author who paid to open a museum dedicated to advancing the interests of all children's book illustrators. I like to say: This is an art museum opened by an artist; a bookstore opened by an author. Not all authors can do such a thing (a copy of The Very Hungry Caterpillar — published 41 years ago — now sells somewhere worldwide every thirty seconds!). But like Eric Carle, every author is tasked with advancing his own professional life…projecting his work into society. If you can't open a museum, at least you can run a website.

    Thanks again for your highly specific and useful response.

  • Andy Laties

    Leverage. I was talking with a leading children's book publisher about three weeks ago and he shocked me by saying his (horizontal) company was planning to sell major bestselling titles now being converted to eBooks EXCLUSIVELY off his publisher's website. Not via Amazon, B&N, Apple, or my museum bookstore website!

    He said, “it's all about leverage”.

    Wasn't it Archimedes who said, “Give me a lever long enough and I will move the earth.”? I wonder if they sell levers like that on some website or other

  • http://idealog.com/blog Mike Shatzkin

    It's funny that the publisher described what they were doing as “leverage”
    when it is precisely the opposite. What constitutes leverage is getting
    somebody ELSE to sell your stuff!

    It *can be* sensible to maintain some exclusive capabilities and content on
    a site if you want to use it to draw traffic, but I think very rarely. What
    that publisher is certainly accomplishing is selling less of their content,
    and making fewer people aware of it, than they would otherwise.

    Mike

  • Andy Laties

    Agreed. The publisher seemed to feel that his company would reap higher profits because no intermediary distributor would take a cut. (No 30% agency payment to online bookseller = 30% higher profit to publisher) Effectively, he is saying his company will have a proprietary eBookstore online. The flaw in the reasoning is that it costs money to operate a proprietary bookstore and you can LOSE money on operations of the bookstore — the 30% is going to go to running this bookselling thing inside the publishing house, not into profit. But — I didn't say all those things to him, because he is really really smart. I mean — he is really brilliant. What do you make of that, when you are pretty sure that someone you objectively know is really brilliant — when you know that person is wrong?

    I mean, — could it be me that's wrong? Perish the thought.

  • http://idealog.com/blog Mike Shatzkin

    It's not the margin that's the problem from my perspective. It's the loss of
    sales and awareness.

    Mike

  • Andy Laties

    I like that analysis.
    Seems like it should be a given to anyone in intellectual property businesses.
    I still puzzle over my own second-guessing of someone who is clearly more successful at business then I am, however.

    What do you think that he is thinking? He is someone who clearly has encountered your analysis and is ignoring it. Lots of experience and big success in both marketing and sales. Perhaps he didn't tell me the entire story of his business strategy. That's most likely. I'm not the right person to confide a business strategy of a multinational corporation.

  • http://idealog.com/blog Mike Shatzkin

    There are a lot of possible reasons. You might just want to drive up traffic
    to your own site. If that's your key metric, it's a sensible strategy.
    Problem for me is: I think it is unlikely to be the right key metric.

    Mike

  • Andy Laties

    He told me the strategy when I asked him about pricing/margins and Agency Plan debate versus $9.99 eBook pricing on Amazon. His strategy seemed to be about profit margins. You may be right that the vehicle he saw to money was driving traffic. Anyway, the strategy could have been jettisoned in a meeting a week later for all I know. It's a Birth Of The Chaordic Zone moment we're in I suppose–a lot of ideas in flux.

  • http://idealog.com/blog Mike Shatzkin

    If his idea was to improve his margin, the chances are overwhelming that his
    decision was wrong. Many, most likely most, of the sales he'd get from other
    sites would be incremental.

    Mike

  • Andy Laties

    PW reports today that Scholastic is close to testing their proprietary e-reading platform that will sell books from Scholastic “and other publishers”. Scholastic of course is a distribution powerhouse already — incredible direct distribution skills.

  • http://idealog.com/blog Mike Shatzkin

    Yes, I read this and thought: just what we need. Another proprietary format!

    Mike

  • Andy Laties

    The world of eBooks needs its own Tim Berner-Lee.